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Pakistan is moving closer to launching satellite-based internet services. However, the state is prioritising national security and strict regulatory control before giving the green light. The Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) has decided to develop dedicated cybersecurity regulations. These rules will rigidly shape how global satellite internet providers operate within the country.
Strict Cybersecurity Mandates
The new framework applies specifically to satellite-based services, including Low Earth Orbit (LEO) systems. According to sources, the regulations aim to safeguard national security and protect user data. Consequently, officials expect strict operational requirements.
First, operators must ensure local data routing. They cannot route data exclusively through foreign gateways.
Second, providers must guarantee the secure handling and storage of user information. Furthermore, the PTA requires lawful interception capabilities.
Satellite operators must also comply with Pakistan’s existing cybercrime and data protection laws. They must establish incident response systems and share threat intelligence with national authorities. Most importantly, their network infrastructure cannot bypass lawful regulatory controls.
Satellite Internet: The Cost of Entry
In September 2025, the PTA drafted the Fixed Satellite Services (FSS) license. This document outlines the financial and technical barriers to entry. The license offers a 15-year, non-exclusive authorisation, but it comes with heavy stipulations:
- Initial Fee: $500,000.
- Annual Fees: A 0.5% license fee and a 0.5% spectrum fee.
- USF Contribution: A 1.5% contribution to the Universal Service Fund.
Additionally, operators must establish a local gateway earth station within 18 months of receiving the license.
Regulatory Roadblocks Remain
Despite interest from global giants like Starlink, services have not launched in Pakistan. Industry sources point to regulatory and institutional delays. Specifically, the Pakistan Space Activities Regulatory Board (PSARB) has not finalised regulations for LEO providers.
This lack of a completed space regulatory framework has created a bottleneck. Combined with pending security clearances, these administrative hurdles have significantly slowed the introduction of satellite broadband in the region.
